Abstract

Northrise University in Zambia faces the challenge of balancing water security with sustainable groundwater management. This study aimed to optimize groundwater supply at Northrise University, Zambia, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and hydrogeology. The objective was to identify inefficiencies in the existing water supply system and propose sustainable solutions. The study employed a multidisciplinary approach, integrating GIS mapping of water infrastructure, hydrogeological analysis of aquifer types and borehole yields, and field measurements. Findings revealed that borehole location, geology, and yield are interconnected, with basal conglomerate formations yielding more water than granite gneiss. Contrary to expectations, extensive water leakage was not the primary cause of reduced water discharge; instead, system design and pump capacity inefficiencies were identified. Two design options were proposed to optimize water utilization. The recommended Design Option 2 introduces a ground tank and booster pumps to overcome existing system limitations. Additional storage tanks near high-use areas were suggested to reduce water transport distances. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of GIS and hydrogeology in achieving water security and sustainability. Strategic borehole placement and supply design alignment with natural flow patterns can optimize groundwater resources, ensuring long-term water security while minimizing environmental impact. The findings offer valuable insights into sustainable water management in similar settings, contributing to the growing body of literature on water resource management and GIS applications in developing countries.

Key Words: Water security, Sustainability, GIS, Hydrogeology, Groundwater