Abstract

Information pertaining to bat species diversity, ecology and distribution is grossly inadequate and sparse. This study examines bat species richness and diets of some bats in two reserves in Nigeria. Bats were trapped using mist nets from 1800hrs to 2300hrs for 20 nights at each site. Faecal samples released by captured bats held in bags for 60mins were stored in 70% ethanol and carefully examined using a stereomicroscope with magnification strength of 20-40 times to examine the remnants and aid  identification of prey. Habitat variables: tree density, number of snags, litter cover and canopy cover were measured and tested for varying effects on diversity of bats. A total of 149 individuals in 6 families and 22 species were trapped during the survey. More insectivorous bats were trapped at Omo forest reserve (12), in contrast, at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, only three insect bats were trapped. Mean bat diversity at IITA was higher in the plantation compared to the forest area (One-way ANOVA: F ₍₁₃₎ = 6.51; P= 0.03; R²= 0.28). At OMFR, a reverse observation was observed, diversity of bat was higher in the forest compared to the plantation (One-Way ANOVA: F ₍₁₄₎ = 1.54; P= 0.23; R²=0.24). Eleven insect orders were identified from analyzed faecal samples with the beetles (Coleoptera) showing the highest percentage prevalence and damselflies (Odonata) having the least prevalence. This would mean that the insect groups that possess larger proportions are not evenly digested as others which are available in low proportions.

Key Words: Bats, Diets, Insects, Conservation, Management

DOI: https://ejesm.org/doi/v11i2.8